Part I Vocabulary and Structure （共20题，总分10分）

根据题目要求，在四个选项中选出一个最恰当的答案。 请开始答题：

• He wasn’t appointed chairman of the committee, _____ not very popular with all its members.

  • A. to be considered
  • B. considering
  • C. being considered
  • D. having considered
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• The owner and editor of the newspaper _____ the conference.

  • A. were attending
  • B. were to attend
  • C. is to attend
  • D. are to attend
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 3.___the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn’t go on with the experiment.

  • A. Since
  • B. For
  • C. As
  • D. With
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 4.More than ten people ___ in their own homes during the first 3 months of this year.

  • A. were gassed
  • B. had been gassed
  • C. are gassed
  • D. have been gassed
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 5.I actually believe that we _____ in Xi’an now if you hadn’t been caught drunk driving last month.

  • A. would be
  • B. would have been
  • C. were
  • D. had been
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 6.Such crimes may be so complex that months or years go by before anyone _____ them.

  • A. discovered
  • B. will discover
  • C. would have discovered
  • D. discovers
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 7._____ in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarships totaling $21, 000.

  • A. Judged the best
  • B. Judging the best
  • C. To be judged the best
  • D. Having judged the best
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 8.If the building project _____ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.

  • A. to be completed
  • B. is completed
  • C. being completed
  • D. completed
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 9.You don’t need to make fancy foods to impress guests — it is something simple but good _____ will do.

  • A. what
  • B. that
  • C. which
  • D. who
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 10.The policeman declared that the blow on the victim’s head _____ from behind.

  • A. should have been made
  • B. must have been made
  • C. would have been made
  • D. ought to have been made
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 11.Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in heat from all substances near it, and this ____ produces artificial cold surrounding it.

  • A. absorption
  • B. transition
  • C. consumption
  • D. interaction
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 12.Language, culture, and personality may be considered _______of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact.

  • A. indistinctly
  • B. separately
  • C. irrelevantly
  • D. independently
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 13.Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn, the Irish milkmaid fought hard to _______ her laughter.

  • A. hold back
  • B. hold on
  • C. hold out
  • D. holds up
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 14.Only a selected number of landladies in the neighborhood have been allowed by the university to take in _____.

  • A. residents
  • B. inhabitants
  • C. lodgers
  • D. settlers
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 15.In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play _____ roles in raising children.

  • A. incapable
  • B. indispensable
  • C. insensible
  • D. infinite
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 16.The ship’s generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated _____ instead of mechanically.

  • A. manually
  • B. artificially
  • C. automatically
  • D. synthetically
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 17.Britain has the highest _____ of road traffic in the world — over 60 cars for every mile of road.

  • A. popularity
  • B. density
  • C. intensity
  • D. prosperity
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 18.Everyone should be _____ to a decent standard of living and an opportunity to be educated.

  • A. attributed
  • B. entitled
  • C. identified
  • D. justified
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 19.Modern forms of transportation and communication have done much to _____ the isolation of life in Alaska.

  • A. break through
  • B. break down
  • C. break into
  • D. break out
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 20.We know through painful experience that freedom is never given by the oppressor; it must be _____by the oppressed.

  • A. demanded
  • B. commanded
  • C. required
  • D. requested
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

Part II General Knowledge （共10题，总分10分）

根据题目要求，在四个选项中选出一个最恰当的答案。 请开始答题：

• 21.The open syllable refers to the syllable that has no________.

  • A. coda
  • B. onset
  • C. nucleus
  • D. rhyme
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 22.The notion of _________ is essential to the pragmatic study of language.

  • A. communication
  • B. context
  • C. performance
  • D. competence
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 23.The person who is often described as “father of modern linguistics” is________.

  • A. Firth
  • B. Saussure
  • C. Halliday
  • D. Chomsky
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 24.During the ______ century when the Roman Empire fell, the Germanic Angles and Saxons invaded and conquered Britain.

  • A. fifth
  • B. eighth
  • C. ninth
  • D. eleventh
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 25.The home of golf is _______ where the game has been played since the 17th century.

  • A. Scotland
  • B. England
  • C. Wales
  • D. Northern Ireland
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 26.Both Harvard University and MIT are located in ______.

  • A. Maine
  • B. New Hampshire
  • C. Vermont
  • D. Massachusetts.
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 27._______, the largest province in Canada geographically, is famous for its strong French culture.

  • A. Quebec
  • B. Ontario
  • C. British Columbia
  • D. Manitoba
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 28.Jack London is considered as the founder of ______.

  • A. psychological Realism
  • B. romanticism
  • C. sentimentalism
  • D. modernism
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 29.Which time can be regarded as the second Renaissance of the American literature?

  • A. The 1910s
  • B. The 1920s
  • C. The 1930s
  • D. The 1940s
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 30.Mark Twain wrote all of the following novels EXCEPT ______.

  • A. The Adventures of Huckleberry Fin
  • B. The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg
  • C. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
  • D. The Call of the Wild
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

Part III Reading Comprehension （共25题，总分50分）

根据题目要求，在四个选项中选出一个最恰当的答案。 请开始答题： Passage 1

Procrastination comes in many disguises. We might resolve to tackle a task, but find endless reasons to defer it. We might prioritize things we can readily tick off our to-do list — answering emails, say — while leaving the big, complex stuff untouched for another day. We can look and feel busy, while artfully avoiding the tasks that really matter. And when we look at those rolling, long-untouched items at the bottom of our to-do list, we can’t help but feel a little disappointed in ourselves. The problem is that our brains are programmed to procrastinate. In general, we all tend to struggle with tasks that promise future upside in return for efforts we take now. That’s because it’s easier for our brains to process concrete rather than abstract things, and the immediate hassle is very tangible compared with those unknowable, uncertain future benefits. So the short-term effort easily dominates the long-term upside in our minds — an example of something that behavioral scientists call present bias. How can you become less myopic about your elusive tasks? It’s all about re-balancing the cost-benefit analysis: make the benefits of action feel bigger, and the costs of action feel smaller. The reward for doing a pestering task needs to feel larger than the immediate pain of tackling it. To make the benefits of action feel bigger and more real: Visualize how great it will be to get it done. Researchers have discovered that people are more likely to save for their future retirement if they’re shown digitally aged photographs of themselves. Why? Because it makes their future self feel more real — making the future benefits of saving also feel more weighty. When we apply a lo-fi version of this technique to any task we’ve been avoiding, by taking a moment to paint ourselves a vivid mental picture of the benefits of getting it done, it can sometimes be just enough to get us unstuck. So if there’s a call you’re avoiding or an email you’re putting off, give your brain a helping hand by imagining the virtuous sense of satisfaction you’ll have once it’s done — and perhaps also the look of relief on someone’s face as they get from you what they needed.

• 31.According to the author, which can NOT be seen as the way of procrastination?

  • A. We prioritize and only do things that can be done easily and quickly.
  • B. We prioritize the to-do list and finish the task in time.
  • C. We find endless reasons to defer a task.
  • D. We look busy but avoid the tasks that really matter.
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 32.Which one is TRUE about our brain?

  • A. The long-term upside is easily dominated by short-term effort in our minds.
  • B. Concrete things are more attractive than the abstract things.
  • C. The brain can be trained to procrastinate often.
  • D. We cannot avoid present bias in our brain.
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 33.How can you become less myopic about your elusive tasks?

  • A. Make the costs of action feel smaller.
  • B. Make the benefits of action feel bigger.
  • C. Make the reward larger than the immediate pain of doing it.
  • D. All the above
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 34.The next paragraph is probably about ______.

  • A. The other ways to make the benefits of action feel bigger and real
  • B. The natural function of our brain
  • C. The perils of procrastination
  • D. The other ways to make the benefits of action feel smaller and unreal
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 35.What is the best title for this passage?

  • A. Our brain and procrastination
  • B. How to beat procrastination
  • C. The perils of procrastination
  • D. Benefits and costs of procrastination
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

Passage 2 Ask people how to develop a good corporate culture, and most of them will immediately suggest offering generous employee benefits, like they do at Starbucks, or letting people dress casually, as Southwest Airlines does. Rarely do people point to encouraging employees to disagree with their managers, as Amazon does, or firing top performers, as Jack Welch did at GE. But in fact, it’s having a distinct corporate culture — not a copycat of another firm’s culture — that allows these great organizations to produce phenomenal results. Each of these companies has aligned and integrated its culture and brand to create a powerful engine of competitive advantage and growth. Their leaders understand that a strong, differentiated company culture contributes to a strong, differentiated brand — and that an extraordinary brand can support and advance an extraordinary culture. How can you tell if your culture and your brand aren’t interdependent and mutually reinforcing? A disconnect between your employee experiences and your customer experiences is a telltale sign. If you engage your employees differently from how you expect them to engage your customers, your organization is operating with two set of values. I’m not just talking about the obvious problem of managers who treat their employees poorly. I recommend using the same principles to design and manage experiences for both employees and customers. If you want to consistently introduce new products and technologies to your customers, then cultivate a test-and-learn mentality among your employees and encourage them to experiment with the latest gadgets. If your brand is differentiated by the way your products and services look and feel, then infuse your employee experience with design and creativity. You can’t expect your employees to deliver benefits to customers that they don’t experience or embrace themselves. Another indicator of a mismatch between your culture and your brand is the lack of understanding of and engagement with your brand among your people. Your employees should understand what makes your brand different and special from a customer perspective. They should clearly understand who the company’s target customers are, as well as their primary wants and needs. They should use your brand purpose and values as decision-making filters and they should understand how they contribute to a great customer experience — even if they don’t have direct customer contact. If your people think they don’t play a role in interpreting and reinforcing your brand and that brand building is your marketing department’s responsibility, then your culture lacks brand integrity.

• 36.What is the purpose of the first paragraph?

  • A. To give examples
  • B. To introduce the topic
  • C. To compare the different companies’ corporate cultures
  • D. To reveal the main purpose of the article
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 37.According to the article, if a company wants to gain advantage in the fierce competition, it must ______.

  • A. change its company culture
  • B. follow the great organizations
  • C. offer generous employee benefits
  • D. integrate its culture with brand
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 38.What’s the meaning of the word “telltale” in paragraph 3, line 3?

  • A. telling a tale
  • B. showing that something exists or has happened
  • C. revealing the details
  • D. common
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 39.According to the fourth paragraph, which of the following statement is true?

  • A. The company should make every effort to please the customers.
  • B. The company should buy its employees the latest gadgets.
  • C. The company should use the same principles to treat its employees and customers.
  • D. In the author’s opinion, the only problem in the corporate culture is that the employees are treated poorly.
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 40.Which one is Not the indicator of the mismatch between your culture and your brand?

  • A. The disconnect between your employee experiences and your customer experiences.
  • B. The employees’ lack of understanding of and engagement with your brand.
  • C. The products of the company upgrade rapidly. But the employees show little interests in latest gadgets.
  • D. The employees are working in increasingly competitive environment.
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

Passage 3 Plagued by daily revelations related to the escalating Russia investigations, the White House is dubbing the coming week “Made in America week” as it tries to focus on issues that matter to the president’s base. Speaking to reporters at a hotel near President Donald Trump’s golf course in Bedminster, New Jersey, White House director of media affairs Helen Aguirre Ferre said Sunday that the White House will be hosting a “Made in America” product showcase Monday featuring products from all 50 states. The president also is expected to issue a proclamation Wednesday on the importance of making goods in America, and will travel to Virginia on Saturday for the commissioning of the USS Gerald R. Ford, a new aircraft carrier. “For too long our government has forgotten the American worker. Their interests were pushed aside for global projects and their wealth was taken from the communities and shipped overseas,” said Ferre. “Under the leadership of President Donald Trump, not only will the American worker never be forgotten, but they will be championed.” Trump has pledged to bring back U.S. manufacturing jobs lost to technological innovation and outsourcing by scaling back regulations and renegotiating the country’s trade deals. It’s an issue that resonates with the president’s base, and one that senior aides sought to highlight Sunday as the president spent the weekend attending the U.S. Women’s Open golf championship at a course he owns. The effort comes amid escalating inquiries into possible ties between Trump campaign aides and the Russian government, which intelligence agencies have concluded meddled in the 2016 election in an effort to help Trump win. But critics have accused Trump of hypocrisy when he’s pushed “Made in America” in the past because so many of the products he and his family members have sold over the years were manufactured overseas. That includes merchandise sold under his own name and his eldest daughter’s, including clothing items and shoes. Asked whether the president would use his “Made in America” week to commit the Trump organization and his daughter’s brand to make more of their products in America, rather than overseas, Ferre was non-committal. “We’ll get back to you on that,” she said. The president’s financial assets are currently being held in a trust. Ivanka Trump stepped back from day-to-day management of her brand before taking on an official role as a White House adviser.

• 41.The direct reason for the “Made in America week” is that ______.

  • A. Trump wants to gain more support from workers
  • B. Russia investigations become more intensive
  • C. the White House hopes to do some charity
  • D. it is what Trump promised during his election
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 42.The purpose of Trump’s traveling to Virginia is to ______.

  • A. show his support of “Made in America”
  • B. witness the advancement of American aircraft carrier
  • C. issue a proclamation about “Made in America”
  • D. visit the product showcase of American goods
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 43.What’s critics opinion’s about the White House’s initiative?

  • A. They think it beneficial for America’s development.
  • B. They consider it a deceptive activity of the president.
  • C. They don’t think it a good thing for American workers.
  • D. They call for more similar initiatives to be carried out.
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 44.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

  • A. Trump and his daughter have their own merchandise products.
  • B. Many American workers may not have jobs due to outsourcing.
  • C. Ferre promised that the president would make his own brands in US.
  • D. Trump’s daughter Ivanka is an adviser in the White House now.
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 45.What is the passage mainly about?

  • A. Russia’s investigation into “Made in America”.
  • B. Trump’s new measures after he took office.
  • C. The present situation of America’s manufacturing.
  • D. White House is planning “Made in America” week.
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

Passage 4 In a recent interview with Vox’s Ezra Klein, journalist and author Ta-Nehisi Coates argued that serious thinkers and writers should get off Twitter. It wasn’t a critique of the 140-character medium or even the quality of the social media discourse in the age of fake news. It was a call to get beyond the noise. For Coates, generating good ideas and quality work products requires something all too rare in modern life: quiet. Recent studies are showing that taking time for silence restores the nervous system, helps sustain energy, and conditions our minds to be more adaptive and responsive to the complex environments in which so many of us now live, work, and lead. Duke Medical School’s Imke Kirste recently found that silence is associated with the development of new cells in the hippocampus, the key brain region associated with learning and memory. Physician Luciano Bernardi found that two-minutes of silence inserted between musical pieces proved more stabilizing to cardiovascular and respiratory systems than even the music categorized as “relaxing.” And a 2013 study in the Journal of Environmental Psychology, based on a survey of 43,000 workers, concluded that the disadvantages of noise and distraction associated with open office plans outweighed anticipated, but still unproven, benefits like increasing morale and productivity boosts from unplanned interactions. But cultivating silence isn’t just about getting respite from the distractions of office chatter or tweets. Real sustained silence, the kind that facilitates clear and creative thinking, quiets inner chatter as well as outer. This kind of silence is about resting the mental reflexes that habitually protect a reputation or promote a point of view. It’s about taking a temporary break from one of life’s most basic responsibilities: Having to think of what to say. Cultivating silence, as Hal Gregersen writes in a recent HBR article, “increases your chances of encountering novel ideas and information and discerning weak signals.” When we’re constantly fixated on the verbal agenda — what to say next, what to write next, what to tweet next — it’s tough to make room for truly different perspectives or radically new ideas. It’s hard to drop into deeper modes of listening and attention. And it’s in those deeper modes of attention that truly novel ideas are found. The world is getting louder. But silence is still accessible — it just takes commitment and creativity to cultivate it.

• 46.Why did Coates say thinkers and writers should get off Twitter?

  • A. The 140-character medium should be criticized.
  • B. The social media discourse is of low quality.
  • C. There are too many ideas bad for them.
  • D. It can help them to get some quietness.
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 47.What is the function of Paragraph 5?

  • A. To convince us the benefits of cultivating silence.
  • B. To persuade people to take time for silence.
  • C. To tell the relation between silence and the brain.
  • D. To prove there should be any open office plans.
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 48.According to the passage, cultivating silence ______.

  • A. is keeping away from the distractions of office chatting
  • B. is to try gaining silence from both inside and outside
  • C. is about protecting a reputation or promoting an opinion
  • D. is a kind of thorough rest with nothing in the mind
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 49.In Hal Gregersen’s opinion, why don’t new ideas come?

  • A. There are too many weak signals in one’s mind
  • B. The verbal agenda of a person is not full enough.
  • C. There is no room for deeper modes of attention.
  • D. The attitude toward sustained quiet time isn’t right.
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 50.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

  • A. The Busier You Are, the More You Need Quiet Time
  • B. It Takes Commitment and Creativity to Cultivate Silence
  • C. Getting off Twitter Is Helpful to Get Some Quiet Time
  • D. How to Achieve Novel Ideas and Information
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

Passage 5 We’re starting with news about the Paris climate accord. Yesterday, U.S. President Donald Trump announced that America would be withdrawing from the international agreement. But, first, what is it? The Paris accord was named for the French capital where the deal was made in 2015. It was a major priority of President Barack Obama who led the U.S. at that time. One hundred ninety-five out of 197 countries signed on to the agreement. In doing so, they promised to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. The nations themselves got to decide by how much they’d actually do that, and the accord was not legally binding. There’s no penalty for a country that doesn’t meet its pledge. Current President Trump was not required to keep the U.S. in the deal and he said staying would have cost millions of American jobs. DONALD TRUMP, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: As president, I can put no other consideration before the wellbeing of American citizens. The Paris climate accord is simply the latest example of Washington entering into an agreement that disadvantages the United States. AZUZ: President Trump added that the U.S. would start negotiations for a new deal that was more fair to Americans. Critics like former President Obama said President Trump rejected the future by leaving the agreement. And the leaders of several other countries said they’d stick to the Paris accord and said it was harmful for the U.S. to leave. Most climate scientists say it’s extremely likely that greenhouse gas emissions, which are generated by human activity contribute to global warming. But some critics say the claims surrounding these emissions are over-exaggerated and that climate modeling is not an exact science. The U.S. withdrawal from the Paris accord won’t happen immediately. It could take months or years to complete the process.

• 51.According to the article, which of the following statement about the Paris climate accord is Not true?

  • A. The accord was made in 2015.
  • B. Most of the countries signed on to the agreement.
  • C. The accord stipulated how much greenhouse gas emissions should be reduced by each country.
  • D. Barack Obama signed the accord on behalf of the U.S.
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 52.The underlined word “penalty” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.

  • A. punishment
  • B. encouragement
  • C. consent
  • D. compromise
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 53.The alleged reason why US intended to pull out of the accord is that ______.

  • A. the accord is useless
  • B. the U.S. can’t reach the goal of emission reduction
  • C. staying in the deal will do harm to the wellbeing of American citizens
  • D. the accord was not signed by Donald Trump — the current U.S. president
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 54.It can be known from the last but one paragraph that ______.

  • A. many critics were in favor of Donald Trump’s decision
  • B. most climate scientists reckoned that global warming was not related to the greenhouse gas emissions
  • C. several other countries also intended to withdraw from the Paris accord
  • D. Obama and the leaders of several other countries were opposed to Donald Trump’s decision of leaving the accord
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

• 55.The best title for the article is ______.

  • A. The new president of the U.S. — Donald Trump
  • B. American intention of pulling out of the Paris climate accord
  • C. The influence of the greenhouse gas emissions
  • D. What is the Paris climate accord?
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D

Part IV Translation （共2题，总分30分）

请开始答题： Text A English-Chinese

• 56.The balance of nature is a very elaborate and very delicate system of checks and counter-checks. It is continually being altered as climates change, as new organisms evolve, as animals or plants permeate to new areas. But the alterations have in the past, for the most part, been slow, whereas with the arrival of civilized man, their speed has been multiplied manifold: from the evolutionary time-scale, where change is measured by periods of ten or a hundred thousand years, they have been transferred to the human time-scale in which centuries and even decades count. Everywhere man is altering the balance of nature. He is facilitating the spread of plants and animals into new regions, sometimes deliberately, sometimes unconsciously. He exterminates some species on a large scale, but favors the multiplication of others. In brief, he has done more in five thousand years to alter the biological aspect of the planet than has nature in five million. (156 words)

  （*简答题不判分，默认为满分）

请开始答题： Text B Chinese-English

• 57. 从本质上说，中国和平发展，13亿中国人不断富裕起来，这本身就是对人类进步事业的最大贡献。事实上，外交工作就是服务，首先是服务于全国人民全面建设小康社会的崇高目标，为国内经济建设创造一个好的国际和周边环境。中国与周边国家的友好合作迈上了一个新台阶，与大国及发达国家关系得到了加强，与所有发展中国家的团结与合作也在不断扩大。中国加入了135个政府间国际组织。我们的外交官活跃在这些国际组织中，在伊拉克问题、朝鲜半岛核问题、“非典”这种突如其来疫情的处理上，都发挥着积极作用。（232字）

  （*简答题不判分，默认为满分）